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What is the “poverty tax” and what circumstances perpetuate it? taxing the lower income families higher for goods and services. The community can make more money. What health threats does Gwai face that are beyond his individual control?
When county maps showing poverty, education, asthma and diabetes rates in Richmond are laid on top of one another, what patterns emerge? that are potentially hazardous to residents’ health, the film suggests that other neighborhood conditions pose an even greater threat to his health.
What conditions do affluent neighborhoods take for granted that promote better health? They had more loans that help them build better houses and neighborhoods, they don’t have as much stress, no violence, no mold, they have power, access to healthy food, good schools, social connection and clean air.
Professor Leonard Syme defines “control of destiny” as the “ability to influence the events that impinge on your life.” Why is this ability an important factor for health? The “control of destiny” refers to an individual’s capability to do what they wish.
How was High Point able to rebuild? What was the involvement of residents, community groups, housing and health officials, government agencies and private investors? … The entire community came together to rebuild their community. A built environment was created- safe sidewalks were implemented.
What is the “poverty tax” and what circumstances perpetuate it? taxing the lower income families higher for goods and services. The community can make more money.
According to Moss, socioeconomic factors that affect impoverished populations such as education, income inequality, and occupation, represent the strongest and most consistent predictors of health and mortality.
What did the Whitehall Study reveal about the connection between health & wealth? The link between the lower grade of employment & the higher rate of disease. … Overall, chronic stress causes accelerated aging & higher disease rates.
There’s one view of us as biological creatures, that we are determined by our genes, that our genes dictate our lives, that what we see in our biology is somehow innately us, who we are, because of who we were born to be. … That’s the way in which our biology actually happens. We carry our histories in our bodies.
A ghetto tax, also known as a cost of poverty, a cost of being poor, or the poor pay more, is the phenomenon of people with lower incomes, particularly those living in low-income areas, incurring higher expenses, paying more not only in terms of money, but also in time, health, and opportunity costs.
There is also a wide range of negative psychological effects caused by poverty. Children are at a greater risk of behavioral and emotional problems, which could include impulsiveness, difficulty getting along with peers, aggression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and conduct disorder.
The first of the Whitehall studies, or Whitehall I, found higher mortality rates due to all causes for men of lower employment grade. The study also revealed a higher mortality rate specifically due to coronary heart disease for men in the lower employment grade when compared to men in higher grades.
Whitehall II confirmed some of the results of Whitehall I, especially the finding that the lower the job status, the higher the prevalence of ischemic heart disease. New, landmark findings revolved around gender differences and isolation as possible causes of this inverse relationship.
The Whitehall study of British civil servants begun in 1967, showed a steep inverse association between social class, as assessed by grade of employment, and mortality from a wide range of diseases.
When the brain perceives and threat, it signals the adrenal glands to release potent stress hormones. Among them, cortisol.” Cortisol is a stress hormone that, when released for long periods of time in one’s body, can put the body at high risk for heart disease, blood pressure, and depression.
TROUTMAN: The notion of excess death says that you should be able to predict in any one time frame how many people in a population will die. And if the number that actually die is higher than that, that differential is “excess death,” premature death, death that should not have happened.
The wealth/health gradient that was illustrated in the film revealed that health behaviors are influenced by economic status; hence, more wealth leads to better health. The film shows that the lower the grade of employment, the higher the risk of heart disease, and every major cause of death.
Looking at all federal taxes, the Congressional Budget Office shows that the top 1% pay an average federal tax rate of 32%. The data show tax rates decline with income, and the poorest 20% of the population pay an average tax rate of just 1%. The left-leaning Tax Policy Center found similar results.
It is not only the poor who are exempt from the income tax. Our current law excludes individuals who are earning up to P250, 000 from paying the income tax. … With the advent of supply side economics however, the tax rates came tumbling down, not only in the Philippines, but globally.
Federal governments can achieve this by rebuilding their infrastructures, developing renewable energy sources, renovating abandoned housing and raising the minimum wage. By raising the minimum wage in existing jobs, companies would combat recent inflation in both developed and developing countries.
What are the four contributory factors to poverty? Four factors that contribute to poor living conditions are unequal wealth distribution, disease, colonization and past inequalities as well as bad governance and corruption.
Poverty is linked with negative conditions such as substandard housing, homelessness, inadequate nutrition and food insecurity, inadequate child care, lack of access to health care, unsafe neighborhoods, and underresourced schools which adversely impact our nation’s children.
Being poor means you‘ll struggle to make ends-meet, you’ll be stuck renting rather than buying your own house, you’ll probably be in stuck in a debt-cycle, your kids are more likely to fail their GCSEs, you’re more likely to a victim of crime, less likely to feel like you’ll belong, you’ll feel more miserable, and …
The Impact of Children in Poverty Within The Family
Living in poverty often means having limited access to health care, food and housing security, greater risk of school drop-out for children, homeless, unemployment due to lack of education or child care and, unfortunately, not reaching one’s full potential.
Poverty rarely has a single cause. A range of factors including rising living costs, low pay, lack of work, and inadequate social security benefits together mean some people do not have enough resources.
In economics, income distribution covers how a country’s total GDP is distributed amongst its population. … The Lorenz curve can represent the distribution of income within a society. The Lorenz curve is closely associated with measures of income inequality, such as the Gini coefficient.
What did the Whitehall study reveal about stress? But the Whitehall Study showed there is a social gradient in health even though the participants were neither very rich nor very poor. So the social gradient isn’t only related to poverty, it’s related to where you are in the hierarchy.
The original Whitehall Study investigated social determinants of health, specifically the cardiorespiratory disease prevalence and mortality rates among British male civil servants between the ages of 20 and 64. The initial study, the Whitehall I Study, was conducted over a period of ten years, beginning in 1967.
Donald Reid and Geoffrey Rose set up Whitehall, in the 1960s, as a kind of British Framingham: 3 ‘Framingham’ insofar as it was a longitudinal study of cardiorespiratory disease and diabetes, looking at individual risk factors for disease; ‘British’ in that it was done on the cheap—a simple screening examination with …